Fibre identification? Fibre testing name?

Fibre identification? Fibre testing name?

Answer:
Fibre identification:

The identification of textile fibres is a very important part of the study of textile science. At one time, simple the fibre identification was a relatively easy task; most consumer could tell by appearance and hand whether a fabric was cotton, wool, silk, or linen. Once the first manmade fibres where introduced, the process became a bit more difficult. Consumers usually could identify the fibre composition of fabrics made of 100% rayon or acetate, but blend of where some fibres difficult to identify. As more fibres where introduced, the task became progressively more difficult. Today, sophisticated techniques are usually required for accurate fibre identification.

A number of systems are available for characterization of the structural, physical, and chemical properties of fibres. Various systems are used for fibre identification such as. Microscopic systems, solubility, heating and burning system, density and staining etc. End-use property characterization systems often involve use of laboratory techniques which are adapted to simulate actual conditions of average wear on the textile or that can predict performance in end-use. 

Technical test for fibre identification:

Testing fibres there are 2 types of methods that are used for identifying varieties fibres the non-technical test & the technical tests. The non-technical test includes the feeling test & the burn test. The technical test includes microscopic test & chemical test. The technical test for fibre identification is complete in laboratories & necessary technical knowledge & skills. Such as, they are more reliable methods for testing final products as compared to the non-technical test.

The nontechnical test- feeling test and burning test:

Textile fibres burn test & feeling test involves touching a fabric and feeling the fabric to know its component fibres. For example, wool fabrics can feel the heat when touched because the heat generated by wool, that could be a non-conductor of heat, will remain in the touched area itself. On the other hand, the fabrics made up of plant fibres for example cotton fabrics, linen fabrics and also the rayon fabrics that are made from the cellulose of wood pulp or cotton fibre, feel cool to touch. As they are conductors of heat, the heat generated by the finger passes off making the fabric cold. However, it requires a long experience of handling different fabrics over a period of time for such skilful perception. Also, it is difficult to examine and compare the fabrics made of different fibre contents with the feeling test.

The other nontechnical test for fibre identification by the burn test- involves burning a sample of fabric and observing the various characteristics shown by it after burning in order to determine its fibre content. The burning test is a lot of efficient than the felling test, however, it additionally has its limitations. For instance, fabrics made from biconstituent fibres, that are the combination of two completely different textile polymers, can not be identified with this test.

The technical test- microscope test and chemical test:

The technical test for fibre identification finished the assistance of laboratory are way more reliable than the nontechnical test. However, technical information and ability, significantly whereas handling chemicals, are the fundamental needs for conducting these test.